Food Translation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Food Translation - Essay Example This essay discusses the translation of recipe and menus, that usually begins with discussing why translation is both a science and art, and the principal issues of subjectivity in translation and interpretation, foreignisation-domestication and visibility-invisibility. The researcher of this essay focuses on the main objective of translating menus and recipes, that is to provide information about the content or ingredients of the food to be cooked and the manner of preparation, as in recipe instructions, in such a manner as to be appetising, moving the reader to try it. One important and crucial application of translation that was discussed in the essay, is in the understanding of recipes and menus because of the nature that food acquires in the mind of the person, be it an American sitting at a restaurant in Cairo or an Egyptian at a restaurant in Glasgow. For both, the menu informs whether the food would agree with the body and, in the case of the Egyptian, also with the soul. The unique nature of every language system poses a paradoxical situation between the use of the common translation principles and translator strategies that were used, especially in the matter of menu and recipe translation. Part of the complex nature of translation work is due to the complexity of the social and cultural meanings of food that are unique to peoples and their geographies. It is also concluded by the researcher that a good translator must know well the translation principles and strategies to do a good and effective job. ... When different cultures interact, each culture develops and changes. Language development gives translation its important role: by allowing one culture to communicate with another, translation improves the way cultures understand and influence each other. That, at least, is the theory. The practice is complex and challenging because in translating from one language to another, it is not easy to capture precisely different cultural identities and make these easier for the other to understand. This is why translation is both a science and an art. Translation is a science because it follows objective rules and methods. It is also an art because it entails the re-production and re-creation of an original work (source text or ST) in a source language (SL) into a target language (TL) in a new work (target text or TT). The translation from ST to TT requires a complex set of knowledge and skills to re-produce the content, spirit, and context of the ST as faithfully as possible to enhance understanding and produce the intended effect. This is not easy because a faithful understanding of a culture is difficult for one not native to it. Translations must reflect the thought, feeling, and style of the SL as faithfully, flexibly, and satisfactorily in the TL, which means the TT must be close to the ST in form and substance, i.e., from the literary and linguistic points of view. Following the simplest rule of communication, the translator confronted with a ST must determine the original author's message, the meaning the author puts into that message, the author's intention, and how the author communicates that message (Venuti, 1995, 1-2). Throughout the whole translation process, the translator has to remember

Nursing course reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nursing course reflection - Essay Example Throughout the course I have encountered intimidating as well as exciting activities; I have discovered quite a lot through my clinicals and after every session pieces of the puzzle seemed to fit together clearer. Yet I recognize I still have a long way to go to consider myself a guru in the field of nursing. I have learnt that nursing changes with and is changed by technological innovations; it is in constant change and technological changes affect nursing practices. Equally, ethical issues are widespread in nursing. I came to an understanding that the ultimate object of nursing students is attaining a particular confidence level attuned to their respective skill level to permit them to safely work within their practice scope while upholding capacity to address areas requiring further knowledge/training (Idczak, 2007). Before attaining this knowledge, I used to think that only the nurse’s determination and decision making were significant in providing nursing services. And although I knew the importance of planning, I underestimated its value. Collaboration of all parties involved in patient care and particularly consideration of patient’s needs are at the heart of nursing and planning is vital for effective service provision. Thus, my stance on service provision has changed. Previously I would only focus on the carer for evaluation of quality of nursing services but from now on I will be considering the characteristics of all parties involved in service provision, and I will emphasise on planning.

Abstract critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Abstract critique - Essay Example The research identified leadership skills that school administrators need to manage an inclusive school setting. The recommendations and findings of the research support the literature presented by the researchers and yields valuable insights for program recommendations. The article emphasizes the need for school leaders to equip themselves with knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs to enhance their leadership skills that would eventually create an effective schools program aimed at recruiting and maintaining competent special education teachers. Furthermore, educators must be responsive to the diverse needs of an inclusive school set-up which can only be accomplished by upgrading one’s self. The research combined quantitative and qualitative methods to acquire triangulation that would enhance the validity and reliability of the result. Researchers also employed the assistance of three independent researchers to conduct face validity of the quantitative instruments used. Although the methods are good, the researchers could have utilized more quantitative methods. The evidence was strong as confirmed by the results of the research. For example, one of the results showing the challenges faced by school administrators is â€Å"lack of ability to generate solutions and options in resource mgt.†. At the beginning of the research, this was one of the issues raised by the Council for Exceptional Children presented as â€Å"overwhelming paperwork† which is a roadblock towards the effective management of inclusion schools. There are other similar issues that the researchers raised at the beginning of the article which was later validated by the research. The article can be a good platform for other researchers to pursue studies in order to concretely and comprehensively cover more challenges in educational leadership dealing with special education administration. There

International Taxation Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Taxation - Research Proposal Example Anti-avoidance legislation Tax avoidance can be defined as the lawful measures that a firm may take in order to reduce their liability to payment of tax. It should be noted that tax avoidance is not illegal but its effect on the economy may be dire. The question of avoidance of tax has been of great contention considering the fact that the firms have a responsibility of being diligent in their dealings with the state. In order to mitigate the negative impacts of tax avoidance, governments have been at the forefront of enacting anti-avoidance legislation that is aimed at sealing the loopholes that allow for tax avoidance. One of the strategies that governments have used is the adoption of the general anti-avoidance rule. The logic of this strategy is the fact that legislation has limits on the extent to which it may foresee all arrangements of taxpayers2. Therefore, a general anti-avoidance rule may operate within existing laws or provide a caveat against general tax avoidance issues. In the United Kingdom, governments have implemented anti-avoidance are targeted to deal with specific abuses of tax law. This is consistent with the legal view that legislation should be specific and outline the specific circumstances under which liability arises. There are scenarios whereby the anti-avoidance laws are applied retrospectively in order to comprehensively account for previous abuse of the law. However, the United Kingdom courts require concrete proof of avoidance before a conviction can be upheld. In Partington v The Attorney General3, the courts ruled that for the government to recover tax the prosecution must bring the subject to the letter of the law. It is not sufficient to have a case that is just backed by the spirit of the law. In the context of Canadian law, the courts lay emphasis on the substance of the legal arrangements in a given transaction rather than the economic outcome of the transactions. The interpretation of the Income Act 1976 is literal and the burden of proof of avoidance is upon the prosecution. The Revenue Canada department gave guidelines that expressly allowed the taxpayers to be subjected to minimum pay. However, cases of crafty tax planning grew exponentially leading to a major decline in the amount of revenue that the government collected. This led to the enactment of general anti-avoidance legislation that reinforced anti-avoidance provisions in the Income Tax Act 1976 and the Goods and Services Act 19873. The essence of the rule was to distinguish from between abusive and legitimate tax avoidance measures. Australia has had a longstanding general anti-avoidance rule over the years.

Project Management ( Humanitarian Project) Essay

Project Management ( Humanitarian Project) - Essay Example The basic goal of logistics is to transport these resources with as little loss of as little resources as possible. As mentioned above when it comes to a humanitarian project logistics play a crucial role. Logistics in humanitarian projects are thought of as a bridge between the processes of procurement and of distribution (Thomas, 2003). Moreover the speed with which aid is moved from the headquarters onto the field is given great importance, the less time logistics takes to transport resources the greater number of lives can be saved. Thirdly the data obtained from logistics provides a general idea of successful humanitarian efforts have been within a certain part of the world. The data obtained can be of great use regarding any future relief efforts that are carried out (Thomas, 2003). The current project aims at providing food, water and other basic necessities to Mongolia where people are suffering a great deal from starvation and malnutrition. This part of the report would focu s on the tasks within the project that deal with logistics and transportation. This section would take into account all the processes and steps needed to transport various resources to the various distribution centers that are spread across the field. Work breakdown structure As mentioned above logistics encompasses a number of methods and processes that help smooth delivery of resources from one place to another. These processes can be classified into three main categories processing, transportation and support activities. The processing category takes into account the activities that take place before resources are shipped (Kasilingam, 1998). The process of transportation is considered as the heart of the logistics phase and contains the bulk of activities that are carried out within the logistics phase. The third category is known as the support activities. Support activities comprise of all the activities that aren’t part of the core operations of logistics but are essent ial to optimize the processes involved (Kasilingam, 1998). Individual work breakdown dictionary: Packaging of material: ensures that the material and resources that are being transported are not damaged. Temporary storage of material: once material is procured it is temporarily stored in a warehouse or a storage unit until it is processed and is shipped to its destination. Record material shipped: a formal record of all the materials that are shipped or transported is kept in order to keep the material as organized as possible. Collection of data: data on various aspects such as cost, source of the resource being obtained and the staff of the company collects information about the drivers. Maintenance of records: the information that is collected, in the process above, is properly managed in different databases of the company. Analysis of data: analysis of the information that is collected is conducted to help understand how the process of logistics and transportation can further be optimized in future humanitarian projects. Selection of type transport: analysis is conducted to help understand which mode of transport would be best suited to carry out the task at hand. Freight consolidation: a service that is obtained from the shipping company which helps lower cost of shipment and increases the security of materials being transported. This is achieved by

Phenomenon (McDonalds) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Phenomenon (McDonalds) - Essay Example It is after investigation that he unveiled how lucrative the entity was but took time joining them Ray After investigating while still dealing with the brothers, he found out the entity had the potential of becoming prominent in the region judging from Americans’ attitudes towards eat out joints. Hence, advised them to expand the entity’s presence but they did not know how to do that where he intervened as their agent and establishing first shop in Chicago (1955) (Johansen 82). After six years, Ray managed to buy this entity from the brothers, hence being able to have adequate and complete control meant to keep it in the best track he deemed would ensure success. Hence, during then being extremely strict in managing his array of restaurants together with ensuring the entity fully embraced cleanliness, quality as well as excellence in service, which comprises its key aspects to date. Besides strict operations, his intention was to spearhead numerous establishments not only in US but also globally but using similar standards. According to Johansen (82), the entity by 2012 had approximately 14,000 units in US and over 33,000 globally. This is despite its owner before and after acquisition then experiencing serious health drawbacks that could have deterred him from realizing the current enormous entity’s global debut (Johansen 82). Many including health institutions have resulted to intense debates claiming the entity has significantly contributed to the menace of obesity especially among children (Korthals 33). Hence, leading to other serious health drawbacks whose medical treatments are extremely pricey to the extent some Americans are unable to afford. Those pushing for this debate contend food served by this entity has low nutritional value compared to what the entity has attractively relayed on the products’ labels (Korthals 33). This was evident in both UK and US where the

The French Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

The French Revolution - Essay Example The position of women in England was however, somewhat different and this attitude also spilt over into the response to the French revolution. In England, the position of women during this period was still largely subordinate to the male sex; as a result, the writers who supported the French revolution were accused of aligning themselves with the perceived low morals of Frenchwomen who participated in the carnage. Marie Antoinette was executed in October 1793, and the allegations of lesbianism and incestuous attacks on her son also contributed to the general perception in England that French women were scandalous and that their conduct was not to be emulated under any circumstances. Marie Antoinette was viewed by the French working class as the Austrian hussy, who frittered away the money that the peasants paid in taxes and this unfavourable view was also shared by people in other parts of the world, such as England. In this aspect, both the poets Williams and Yearsley are similar in that both of them were viewed unfavourably in England, as writers who were in support of the French Revolution. Although Williams’s first hand view of the French Revolution was horror at the carnage, her works on the whole, demonstrated a support for the ideals and motivation of the common people, which led to the revolution.